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A practical philosophy

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

A practical philosophy

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 559 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.417

The expanding biotechnology landscape offers new intersections with traditional strengths in chemical biology.

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The chemical biology of synapses and neuronal circuits

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

The chemical biology of synapses and neuronal circuits

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 560 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.408

Author: Haruhiko Bito

Excitatory synapses are located in confined chemical spaces called the dendritic spines. These are atypical femtoliter-order microdomains where the behavior of even single molecules may have important biological consequences. Powerful chemical biological techniques have now been developed to decipher the dynamic stability of the synapses and to further interrogate the complex properties of neuronal circuits.

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Our choices from the recent literature

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

Our choices from the recent literature

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 564 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.415

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Stapled peptides: Magic bullets in nature's arsenal

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

Stapled peptides: Magic bullets in nature's arsenal

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 566 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.407

Author: Joshua A Kritzer

Selectivity is a key obstacle in drug development. A new study describes how “peptide stapling,” a technique for making peptide α-helices more potent and cell permeable, allows the design of MCL-1 inhibitors with extraordinary selectivity.

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Non-covalent interactions: Fold globally, bond locally

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

Non-covalent interactions: Fold globally, bond locally

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 567 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.413

Author: Neal J Zondlo

Protein structures are considerably stabilized by local interactions. A new computational and structural analysis discovers that n→π* interactions between consecutive residues are stabilizing and ubiquitous in a variety of secondary structures.

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Bioinorganic chemistry: Getting a grip on iron

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

Bioinorganic chemistry: Getting a grip on iron

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 568 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.411

Author: Caroline Philpott

Siderocalin (also known as lipocalin 2) is a component of the innate immune system that binds and sequesters bacterial iron compounds in the blood and urine. A new study identifies iron–catechol complexes as endogenous ligands for siderocalin, which can deliver the iron compounds to the kidney.

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Microscopy: GPCR dimers moving closer

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

Microscopy: GPCR dimers moving closer

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 570 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.409

Authors: Manuela Ambrosio & Martin J Lohse

Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) measurements with selective, fluorescently labeled ligands support the existence of GPCR dimers in native tissues and suggest that activated GPCR dimers are asymmetric.

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Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ increases enhance mutant glucocerebrosidase proteostasis

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ increases enhance mutant glucocerebrosidase proteostasis

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 630 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio0810-630a

Author: Derrick Sek Tong Ong, Ting-Wei Mu, Amy E Palmer & Jeffery W Kelly

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Membrane targeting mechanism of Rab GTPases elucidated by semisynthetic protein probes

Tue, 07/20/2010 - 02:00

Membrane targeting mechanism of Rab GTPases elucidated by semisynthetic protein probes

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 630 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio0810-630b

Author: Yao-Wen Wu, Lena K Oesterlin, Kui-Thong Tan, Herbert Waldmann, Kirill Alexandrov & Roger S Goody

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ABC proteins in antigen translocation and viral inhibition

Sun, 07/18/2010 - 23:00

ABC proteins in antigen translocation and viral inhibition

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 572 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.410

Authors: David Parcej & Robert Tampé

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Time-resolved FRET between GPCR ligands reveals oligomers in native tissues

Sat, 07/10/2010 - 23:00

Time-resolved FRET between GPCR ligands reveals oligomers in native tissues

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 587 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.396

Authors: Laura Albizu, Martin Cottet, Michaela Kralikova, Stoytcho Stoev, René Seyer, Isabelle Brabet, Thomas Roux, Hervé Bazin, Emmanuel Bourrier, Laurent Lamarque, Christophe Breton, Marie-Laure Rives, Amy Newman, Jonathan Javitch, Eric Trinquet, Maurice Manning, Jean-Philippe Pin, Bernard Mouillac & Thierry Durroux

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n→π* interactions in proteins

Sat, 07/10/2010 - 23:00

n→π* interactions in proteins

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 615 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.406

Authors: Gail J Bartlett, Amit Choudhary, Ronald T Raines & Derek N Woolfson

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Palmitoylome profiling reveals S-palmitoylation–dependent antiviral activity of IFITM3

Sat, 07/03/2010 - 23:00

Palmitoylome profiling reveals S-palmitoylation–dependent antiviral activity of IFITM3

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 610 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.405

Authors: Jacob S Yount, Bruno Moltedo, Yu-Ying Yang, Guillaume Charron, Thomas M Moran, Carolina B López & Howard C Hang

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Iron traffics in circulation bound to a siderocalin (Ngal)–catechol complex

Sat, 06/26/2010 - 23:00

Iron traffics in circulation bound to a siderocalin (Ngal)–catechol complex

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 602 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.402

Authors: Guanhu Bao, Matthew Clifton, Trisha M Hoette, Kiyoshi Mori, Shi-Xian Deng, Andong Qiu, Melanie Viltard, David Williams, Neal Paragas, Thomas Leete, Ritwij Kulkarni, Xiangpo Li, Belinda Lee, Avtandil Kalandadze, Adam J Ratner, Juan Carlos Pizarro, Kai M Schmidt-Ott, Donald W Landry, Kenneth N Raymond, Roland K Strong & Jonathan Barasch

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Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs at sequences downstream from 3′ gene termini

Sat, 06/26/2010 - 23:00

Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs at sequences downstream from 3′ gene termini

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 621 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.400

Authors: Xuan Yue, Jacob C Schwartz, Yongjun Chu, Scott T Younger, Keith T Gagnon, Sayda Elbashir, Bethany A Janowski & David R Corey

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An ATP-independent strategy for amide bond formation in antibiotic biosynthesis

Sat, 06/19/2010 - 23:00

An ATP-independent strategy for amide bond formation in antibiotic biosynthesis

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 581 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.393

Authors: Masanori Funabashi, Zhaoyong Yang, Koichi Nonaka, Masahiko Hosobuchi, Yoko Fujita, Tomoyuki Shibata, Xiuling Chi & Steven G Van Lanen

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The MCL-1 BH3 helix is an exclusive MCL-1 inhibitor and apoptosis sensitizer

Sat, 06/19/2010 - 23:00

The MCL-1 BH3 helix is an exclusive MCL-1 inhibitor and apoptosis sensitizer

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 595 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.391

Authors: Michelle L Stewart, Emiko Fire, Amy E Keating & Loren D Walensky

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Unlocking the lipid labyrinth

Fri, 06/18/2010 - 02:00

Unlocking the lipid labyrinth

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 471 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.404

Progress in understanding the functions of individual lipids has lagged behind that for other bioactive molecules, but recent technologies that enable the monitoring of individual lipids provide hope.

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Challenges in studying phospholipid signaling

Fri, 06/18/2010 - 02:00

Challenges in studying phospholipid signaling

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 473 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.389

Author: Carsten Schultz

Because of the large number of phospholipids, their highly active metabolism and our lack of understanding of protein-lipid specificity, lipid signaling is a particularly challenging subject to study. Help might come from new tools that will allow us to follow and manipulate lipids and lipid-binding proteins in living cells.

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Seeing the future of bioactive lipid drug targets

Fri, 06/18/2010 - 02:00

Seeing the future of bioactive lipid drug targets

Nature Chemical Biology 6, 476 (2010). doi:10.1038/nchembio.394

Authors: Jilly F Evans & John H Hutchinson

Bioactive lipid signaling allows individual cells within the body to 'see' the surrounding environment and to respond in ways that will benefit the whole organism. Successful drug development for bioactive lipid targets requires a deep knowledge of the biology and pathobiology of each specific lipid signaling pathway.

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